This version was machine-translated from German and has not been medically reviewed. The authoritative version is the German version.
Nutrition
19 calculators · energy and protein requirements, feeding volumes, infant formula, parenteral nutrition
Here you will find calculators for the nutrition of infants, children and adolescents: energy requirements and fluid intake according to D-A-CH reference values, basal metabolic rate according to Schofield (FAO/WHO/UNU 2004), energy and protein intake per kg per day, enteral volume, human milk fortification, nitrogen balance and percentage weight loss. There are also calculators for parenteral nutrition with glucose infusion rate, amino acids, lipids and estimated osmolarity (Pereira-da-Silva 2004). Also available are feed volume per meal, caloric density and the intake of individual nutrients. They are intended for everyday use in hospitals and practices. Each calculator states its formula and sources.
-
Parenteral Nutrition Calculator
Fluid, glucose, amino acids, lipids → composition, GIR, energy, osmolarity -
Glucose Infusion Rate (GIR)
mg/kg/min from concentration and infusion rate – or vice versa -
PN Osmolarity
Estimated osmolarity of a parenteral solution (Pereira-da-Silva 2004) -
Amino-Acid Intake
g/kg/day from concentration and volume -
Lipid Intake
g/kg/day from emulsion and volume -
Dextrose Intake
Glucose intake g/kg/day and GIR -
Fluid intake volumes (D-A-CH guide values)
Guideline values for beverages and total water intake by age, with classification of a daily amount -
Energy requirement (D-A-CH reference values)
Guideline values for energy intake from infancy to adolescence by sex and PAL -
Basal metabolic rate by Schofield
BMR from weight (and, from 10 to under 60 years, optionally height) according to Schofield 1985 / FAO 2004 – with total energy expenditure according to PAL -
Energy requirement according to FAO/WHO/UNU 2004
Total energy expenditure from weight (infants linear, 1–18 years quadratic) plus growth – and comparison with the requirement per kg -
Energy intake in kcal/kg/day
Actual intake per kg from food or infusion – compared with the requirement according to FAO 2004 and ESPGHAN (preterm infants) -
Protein intake in g/kg/day
Actual protein intake per kg compared with the D-A-CH reference values by age -
Enteral volume for the energy requirement
Required feed volume (ml/day, ml/kg/day, per meal) for a target energy from the energy density of the feed -
Feeding volume per meal
Daily feeding volume from ml/kg (or Finkelstein rule in the first days of life) divided by the number of meals -
Caloric density and energy intake
kcal/100 ml of a formula ↔ energy intake in kcal/kg/day at a given volume – EU limits for infant formula -
Breast milk fortification (fortifier)
Energy and protein intake with BEBA FM 85 or Aptamil FMS (4 g/100 ml) for a given volume -
Nitrogen balance
Intake (protein/6.25) minus losses – adult formula (+ 4 g) or pediatric formula in mg/kg (urea N × 1.25 + 75 mg/kg) -
Percentage weight loss
Newborns: loss from birth weight with ABM thresholds (8–10 % from day 5); children 2–20 years: AND/ASPEN criteria (5 / 7.5 / 10 %) -
Vitamin D prophylaxis in infants (D, CH, A)
Recommended vitamin D amount for infants in Germany and Switzerland, preterm infants under 1500 g, conversion IU ↔ µg (1 µg = 40 IU)
Frequently asked questions
How do I calculate the glucose infusion rate (GIR) in mg/kg/min?
The Glucose infusion rate (GIR) calculator determines the GIR in mg/kg/min from glucose concentration, flow rate and weight. Alternatively, it calculates the flow rate or the concentration for a given target GIR.
How do I estimate the osmolarity of a parenteral solution?
The PN osmolarity calculator estimates osmolarity according to Pereira-da-Silva 2004 from amino acids, glucose, sodium and phosphate. It helps to answer the question of whether peripheral access is sufficient. The parenteral nutrition calculator also outputs the osmolarity.
How much energy does a child need per kg per day?
The Energy requirements calculator according to FAO/WHO/UNU 2004 estimates the total energy expenditure of healthy children and compares it with the requirement in kcal/kg/day. The Energy requirements (D-A-CH reference values) calculator gives reference values by age, sex and PAL.