This version was machine-translated from German and has not been medically reviewed. The authoritative version is the German version.

Vasoactive-Inotropic Score (VIS)

Dopamine + dobutamine + 100 × epinephrine + 100 × norepinephrine + 10 × milrinone + 10 000 × vasopressin

Details

Dopamine (µg/kg/min)

Dobutamine (µg/kg/min)

Epinephrine (µg/kg/min)

Norepinephrine (µg/kg/min)

Milrinone (µg/kg/min)

Vasopressin (U/kg/min)

Calculation aid for healthcare professionals: the calculator reproduces what the sources cited assign to the inputs. Clinical assessment and every treatment decision remain with the treating physician. Inputs and results are not stored.

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Sources

Vasoactive-inotropic score as a predictor of morbidity and mortality in infants after cardiopulmonary bypass (Pediatr Crit Care Med 11:234–238) Gaies MG, Gurney JG, Yen AH, et al., 2010. Original paper (not freely accessible; formula per concordant reproductions)
Vasoactive-inotropic score is associated with outcome after infant cardiac surgery: an analysis from the Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care Consortium and Virtual PICU System Registries (Pediatr Crit Care Med 15:529–537) Gaies MG, Jeffries HE, Niebler RA, et al., 2014. Original paper (freely accessible; formula and cut-offs)

Scientific basis last reviewed: September 2026.

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Note

Calculation aid for healthcare professionals. Percentiles and z-scores describe the position of a measured value in the reference population; clinical assessment remains with the treating physician.